{"id":15651,"date":"2022-11-25T11:38:44","date_gmt":"2022-11-25T10:38:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/?post_type=article-rgn&#038;p=15651"},"modified":"2022-11-25T14:08:15","modified_gmt":"2022-11-25T13:08:15","slug":"debat-public-quelles-alternatives-au-programme-epr2","status":"publish","type":"article-rgn","link":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/rgn\/debat-public-quelles-alternatives-au-programme-epr2\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9bat public : quelles alternatives au programme EPR2 ?"},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"template":"","tag-rgn":[1020,919],"rgn-category":[260],"rgn-report-category":[],"acf":{"category":[{"term_id":260,"name":"EN DIRECT","slug":"en-direct","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":260,"taxonomy":"rgn-category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1713,"filter":"raw"}],"rgn_article_report":false,"folder":false,"rgn_article_type":"public","sfen_image":{"ID":15652,"id":15652,"title":"Val\u00e9rie Faudon","filename":"Valerie-Faudon.jpg","filesize":388554,"url":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon.jpg","link":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/rgn\/debat-public-quelles-alternatives-au-programme-epr2\/attachment\/valerie-faudon\/","alt":"","author":"23","description":"","caption":"","name":"valerie-faudon","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":15651,"date":"2022-11-25 10:29:31","modified":"2022-11-25 10:29:31","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","type":"image","subtype":"jpeg","icon":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":959,"height":639,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon-768x512.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon.jpg","large-width":959,"large-height":639,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon.jpg","1536x1536-width":959,"1536x1536-height":639,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon.jpg","2048x2048-width":959,"2048x2048-height":639,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-featured":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon-590x225.jpg","sfen-rgn-newsletter-featured-width":590,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-featured-height":225,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-ad":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon-621x175.jpg","sfen-rgn-newsletter-ad-width":621,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-ad-height":175,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-article":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon-325x285.jpg","sfen-rgn-newsletter-article-width":325,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-article-height":285,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-event":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon-325x240.jpg","sfen-rgn-newsletter-event-width":325,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-event-height":240,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-cover":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon-93x62.jpg","sfen-rgn-newsletter-cover-width":93,"sfen-rgn-newsletter-cover-height":62,"large_size":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon.jpg","large_size-width":959,"large_size-height":639,"medium_size":"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Valerie-Faudon-410x273.jpg","medium_size-width":410,"medium_size-height":273}},"flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"text","text":"<p><strong>Val\u00e9rie Faudon, D\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la Sfen, est intervenue lors du d\u00e9bat public sur le futur programme nucl\u00e9aire, le 22 novembre 2022. Le th\u00e8me de cette r\u00e9union portait sur les alternatives \u00e0 l\u2019EPR 2. L\u2019occasion pour la Sfen de pr\u00e9senter la compl\u00e9mentarit\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rents projets nucl\u00e9aires.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Depuis fin octobre, la Commission nationale du d\u00e9bat public (CNDP) organise des d\u00e9bats publics avec les citoyens sur le programme de construction de six EPR2 en France, dont la premi\u00e8re paire se situerait sur la centrale de Penly (Manche). Lors de la s\u00e9ance du 22 novembre, Val\u00e9rie Faudon, D\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la Sfen, a \u00e9t\u00e9 invit\u00e9e \u00e0 participer sur le th\u00e8me des options nucl\u00e9aires alternatives \u00e0 l\u2019EPR 2.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ID6IeGZhhWY?start=7155\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>L\u2019objet de la pr\u00e9sentation \u00e9tait de mettre en avant la compl\u00e9mentarit\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rentes options nucl\u00e9aires. En propos introductif, elle explique qu\u2019il y a quatre mani\u00e8res de faire du nucl\u00e9aire et que chacune poss\u00e8de \u00ab <em>diff\u00e9rentes valeurs pour le mix \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>La prolongation du parc existant\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La premi\u00e8re option est le \u00ab Grand car\u00e9nage \u00bb. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un programme en cours concernant les 56 r\u00e9acteurs nucl\u00e9aires en activit\u00e9. L\u2019id\u00e9e est de permettre aux r\u00e9acteurs d\u2019atteindre un fonctionnement de 50 ans, voire plus, comme aux \u00c9tats-Unis ou l&rsquo;Autorit\u00e9 de s\u00fbret\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine a donn\u00e9 des autorisations de 80 ans de fonctionnement. Le patron de l\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, Rafael Grossi, a d&rsquo;ailleurs m\u00eame \u00e9voqu\u00e9 des dur\u00e9es de l\u2019ordre du si\u00e8cle. Val\u00e9rie Faudon nuance cependant en rappelant que \u00ab <em>les autorit\u00e9s de s\u00fbret\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise et am\u00e9ricaine n\u2019ont pas la m\u00eame philosophie [\u2026] ni les m\u00eames exigences de s\u00fbret\u00e9<\/em> \u00bb. Donc malgr\u00e9 cette option, il y a une n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de commencer \u00e0 renouveler le parc nucl\u00e9aire afin d&rsquo;assurer notre avenir \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u2019EPR 2 : un bon choix pour assurer le renouvellement du parc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Choisis par plusieurs pays (Chine, Cor\u00e9e du Sud, \u00c9tats-Unis, Russie ou France), les r\u00e9acteurs de forte puissance permettent de garantir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u2019approvisionnement (en produisant beaucoup d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9), avec une tr\u00e8s faible emprise au sol. Selon la repr\u00e9sentante Sfen, l\u2019avantage de l\u2019EPR 2 est notamment de b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier d\u2019une forte maturit\u00e9 industrielle \u00e0 travers la prise en compte des retours d\u2019exp\u00e9rience des EPR en construction et en service (Chine, Finlande, France, Royaume-Uni). Si le programme EPR2 est lanc\u00e9 en France, les r\u00e9acteurs de Penly seraient les 7e et 8e unit\u00e9s de type EPR.\u00a0 Cette technologie\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0<em>b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d\u2019une supply chain fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 plus de 90 %<\/em> \u00bb. De plus, l\u2019EPR 2 s&rsquo;inscrit dans un \u00ab <em>syst\u00e8me nucl\u00e9aire<\/em> \u00bb dont il utilise les structures de cycle existantes, renfor\u00e7ant ainsi notre souverainet\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Une effervescence mondiale des SMR<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie atomique (AIEA) a identifi\u00e9 70 projets de Small Modular Reactor (SMR). Leur int\u00e9r\u00eat est qu\u2019ils sont flexibles, petits donc faciles \u00e0 implanter et adapt\u00e9s pour le multi-usage (chaleur, \u00e9lectricit\u00e9, \u00e9lectrolyse, d\u00e9salinisation\u2026). La fili\u00e8re historique (EDF, CEA, Naval groupe, TechnicAtome) d\u00e9veloppe un mod\u00e8le baptis\u00e9 Nuward avec une \u00ab <em>vocation export<\/em> \u00bb afin de contribuer notamment au \u00ab<em> remplacement des centrales \u00e0 charbon dans le monde<\/em> \u00bb. La maturit\u00e9 industrielle de ce type de r\u00e9acteur <em>\u00ab serait pour 2035, apr\u00e8s une premi\u00e8re t\u00eate de s\u00e9rie \u00bb,<\/em> temp\u00e8re-t-elle.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Les r\u00e9acteurs modulaires avanc\u00e9s, une nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les Advanced Modular Reactor (AMR) sont des r\u00e9acteurs de 4e g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de petite taille qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient d\u2019un engouement mondial. Val\u00e9rie Faudon rappelle qu\u2019un appel \u00e0 projets organis\u00e9 dans le cadre de France 2030 a d\u00e9j\u00e0 re\u00e7u une r\u00e9ponse de sept entreprises et en attend une dizaine. Ces r\u00e9acteurs portent des ruptures technologiques importantes. \u00c0 titre d\u2019exemple, certains r\u00e9acteurs pourraient contribuer au multirecyclage des mati\u00e8res, \u00e0 la production de chaleur \u00e0 tr\u00e8s haute temp\u00e9rature ou encore \u00e0 la diminution des d\u00e9chets. Mais il reste de nombreux d\u00e9fis techniques \u00e0 relever, dont le d\u00e9ploiement de nouveaux cycles du combustible avec l\u2019installation de nouvelles usines. <em>\u00ab Ce n\u2019est donc pas pour tout de suite \u00bb<\/em>, conclut-elle. \u25a0<\/p>\n"}],"sfen_chapo":"<p><strong>Par Thomas Jaquemet (Sfen)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Photo : Val\u00e9rie Faudon (\u00e0 droite) , lors du d\u00e9bat public EPR2 du 22 novembre 2022.<\/strong><\/p>\n","title_field":"D\u00e9bat public : quelles alternatives au programme EPR2 ? ","content_teaser":"<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; color: black;\">Val\u00e9rie Faudon, D\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la Sfen, est intervenue lors du d\u00e9bat public sur le futur programme nucl\u00e9aire, le 22 novembre 2022. Le th\u00e8me de cette r\u00e9union portait sur les alternatives \u00e0 l\u2019EPR 2. L\u2019occasion pour la Sfen de pr\u00e9senter la compl\u00e9mentarit\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rents projets nucl\u00e9aires.<\/span><\/p>\n","rgn_subscriber_push_link_title":"","rgn_subscriber_push_link_url":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>D\u00e9bat public : quelles alternatives au programme EPR2 ? - Sfen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/rgn\/debat-public-quelles-alternatives-au-programme-epr2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u00e9bat public : quelles alternatives au programme EPR2 ? - Sfen\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfen.org\/rgn\/debat-public-quelles-alternatives-au-programme-epr2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Sfen\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-11-25T13:08:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"D\u00e9bat public : quelles alternatives au programme EPR2 ?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Val\u00e9rie Faudon, D\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la Sfen, est intervenue lors du d\u00e9bat public sur le futur programme nucl\u00e9aire, le 22 novembre 2022. Le th\u00e8me de cette r\u00e9union portait sur les alternatives \u00e0 l\u2019EPR 2. 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